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Showing posts with label facial expressions. Show all posts
Showing posts with label facial expressions. Show all posts

How Selfies Became Elizabeth Warren's Secret Weapon

Patti told Refinery 29 that selfies are a smart choice because they can help a candidate project an image of warmth.  

Patti's Insights at the Full Refinery29 Article


Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

Ivanka Trump's Body Language In London Is Very Revealing, Says Expert

One of the media stories about the Trump visit to the UK that I worked on yesterday. FYI when I do a read I find out all the context for the event and people. So all this was happening while there were massive protests in London with 75 thousand people chanting, "We hate Trump!" and sometimes heard during a press conference with Trump.  Read the full "Refinery29 article interview below:


Along with the president and first lady, Ivanka Trump and her siblings attended an official state banquet with the Queen at Buckingham Palace this week, for reasons no one has quite explained.
The visit was, of course, eventful. Donald Trump attacked London Mayor Sadiq Khan, there were thousands of protestors, Princes William and Harry snubbed the Trumps, and Ivanka got booed outside 10 Downing Street.
There were also plenty of opportunities for our body language expert Patti Wood to do analysis: She picked a video in which Ivanka and her husband Jared Kushner are standing on the balcony of Buckingham Palace, Ivanka looking curiously frozen.  continue 

Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

Body Language Read of Kylie Jenner and Travis Scott at the Met Gala

The Met Gala is known for some groundbreaking pop culture moments and last night's event didn't disappoint. Two of the most noteworthy attendees were new parents Travis Scott and Kylie Jenner, who made their first red carpet appearance. For those of you who haven't been "keeping up" with the youngest Kardashian-Jenner, she recently had a baby named Stormi Webster with Scott. The couple has managed to keep their relationship fairly low-key despite their A-list status, but Kylie Jenner and Travis Scott's body language at the Met Gala last night revealed that, while she's totally cool with packing on the love in front of the cameras, he's not quite as down with the PDA.

We asked Patti Wood, body language expert and author of SNAP: Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language, and Charisma, to look at pictures of them working it for the paparazzi and let us know what we can learn from their relationship. "I've read them before and she typically demonstrates much more affection, much more attachment," Wood notes. "She touches him more. He typically tries to have a very cool face or no affect every single time. That's part of his persona."
OK, so take that into account and let's get this body language party started, people!
The first thing Wood comments on in this image is Scott's face, which looks either like he's "a little bit out of it" or that he's trying to achieve an "almost mannequin-like effect."
The hope for their love in this photo lies in his feet. "A nice thing is that, if you look at his foot placement, he has his back foot pointed towards her," Wood notes. "He doesn't even always do that. The feet are the most honest portion of the body — I always say that — and I really liked that he at least did that which is actually fairly strong."
"Also, if you look at his upper body, above the waist and up his shoulder, it's into her with his head towards her," she continues. "I would like him to be closer but I'm taking some consideration in these reads in the dress. The dress has some fragility to it so you have to be careful of it."
Another out-of-the-ordinary display of affection for Scott can be seen in his hand placement. "You see the left hand, the fingers are holding her and it's a nice hold," Wood explains. "It's not too tight and it's not relaxed. Sometimes he's very relaxed and open like he doesn't want to really even touch her. So that's really nice."
"What you see here with her is she's doing a little bit of the cutesy with her look down and her shoulder placement, but she also has both her hands and arms around him," Wood says of Jenner. "But she's not doing anything clingy. It's just that she's got her arms and hands around him."
Wood asses that the message Jenner is trying to send here is, "This is my man."
"Then she has her full body and all of her body windows — that starts with her feet, at her knees, at her pelvis, at her stomach, at her heart, at her neck, and her hands — all towards him," she continues. "All of those body windows are open towards him saying he's the most important thing. No matter what's going on with all of the paparazzi and this fabulous dress I'm wearing, he's the most important thing."
Wood also notes that she wishes Scott's facial expression reflected a little more comfort around his BAE in this photo but, unfortunately, she's not getting that from this image.
Scott tries to disguise his feelings towards Jenner.

"She's just really into him," Wood assesses. "Even with the sunglasses on, she has that look and she has her arms towards him. I wish I could see her feet but, if you look at her lower body with the dress, there's some sort of angling towards him for the dress not to be straight up and down so that's how."
Another important thing she asks us to note about this image is that "their upper bodies are merged slightly which is nice."
Scott's body language in this image is also more promising than it was in the past. "Again, you're seeing his foot placement and, at least, this time he's looking down which means he's unable to contain himself fully to do the fake face, so he's looking down which, to me, indicates a little bit more tenderness and being in the moment," Wood says.



"She, again, has her windows all towards him and he's doing a lean that's not relaxed. It's very stiff," Wood explains. "It's almost against his will that he's leaning towards her and doing what he's doing. I think all of this shows his desire to be seen as a man and some conflict about not wanting to look weak or gentle or emotional." Classic dudes not trying to look whipped by their girlfriends. C'mon, Scott, be better!
Jenner, on the other hand, has no trouble showing her affection. "She's just like 'I'm into you,'" says Wood. "He does have the hand, but you can even see he has his hand [on her waist] and she has her hand over it to say, 'Keep it there!' Don't let go.'"
The main takeaway here? While Scott may be totally in love with Jenner behind closed doors, he's not quite as comfortable showing that affection in front of the paparazzi. Maybe that's why they avoid public appearances.



Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

Melania Trump In Disconnect Mode, Notes Expert Tapped By ‘Hollywood Life’

Here is one of the stories that publications do where they take my quotes from other publications and create a new article without my knowledge. This is a sister publication of the publication I did the original interview with.


Melania Trump In Disconnect Mode,
Notes Expert Tapped By ‘Hollywood Life’


It’s another day, and another body language expert has come up to the plate to take a swing at analyzing Melania Trump through recent pictures that emerged online. The latest scoop on the Donald and Melania Trump connection is that there is none, according to Patti Wood. Hollywood Life conveys that Wood is a body language expert and author of the book Snap: Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language & Charisma.

Hollywood Life tapped into Wood’s expertise for a recent article about the relationship of Donald and Melania Trump, “who don’t seem like a couple” in the new pictures that emerged online this week. This isn’t the first body language expert to make the headlines with a Melania Trump analyzation. The first lady’s behavior at the State of the Union address was also under the microscope of another body language expert, according to HuffPost.

At the State of the Union Adress, Melania was described as “watching from the gallery.” The first lady’s “facial expressions vacillated from smiles to strained looks,” writes HuffPost. Joe Navarro, a body language expert and author of What Every Body Is Saying: An Ex-FBI Agent’s Guide to Speed-Reading People, reported his opinion on Melania’s actions while at the State of the Union Address.

Navarro said, “It was not that she looked stoic, though she often did, it was almost a distant pained look. She almost mechanically stood and applauded, without any form of alacrity. That may speak to some psychological discomfort and emotional pain.”
The latest pictures to tell a story for a body language expert are the photos that were circulated online of Melania and Donald visiting the victims of the school shooting in Florida. The couple was captured on camera as they made their way through the hospital corridors, and it was during this time when another body language expert offered up her impressions of what you were seeing or not seeing to be more precise.

Wood points to the couple appearing very “distant from one another” and painting a picture of Melania’s presence as “tense” with her feet “so close together they were almost touching.” This was most likely due to tension, suggests Wood. Her arms and legs remained very close to her body, and Wood said this is a position people find themselves in when they are afraid.
Melania stance “shows fear,” claims this expert, who went on to say that with “no life” in her arms or legs, she looked as if she was in a totally “rigid” stance. She was seen in this position in the pictures while standing nearby her husband. One of those photos is shown above. Wood conveys an “enormous amount of tension” is seen coming from Melania with her feet so close together and her arms stiff at her side.
The body language expert also pointed to Trump and Melania being in a place that was somber and sad, as they were visiting the victims of a horrendous shooting and this would play on anyone’s emotions. You would expect this husband-and-wife team to console each other through this visit, but there didn’t appear to be any of this going on said Wood from the pictures she analyzed.
Woods notes that Melania stands with her arms stiff at her sides and is not offering any comfort to Trump. He is not offering any to her as well, leaving Wood to say “there’s no connection between them.”
These pictures come on the heels of the reports of Donald Trump’s alleged affairs with a porn star and a Playgirl. Hollywood Life suggests that Melania seems to avoid any type of affection in public with her husband since the first allegations hit the headlines followed by Trump’s lawyer’s admission of paying off an adult film star. These affair allegations have been denied by President Trump.





Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

What Does Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's Body Language Say?

What Does Prince Harry and Meghan Markle’s Body Language Say?
An Expert Weighs In on Their First Appearance Together



Yesterday, Prince Harry and Meghan Markle made their first joint appearance together. Yes, an event so groundbreaking, so invigorating, so miraculous that it must be put it in italics! (No, we aren’t obsessing over two strangers just to briefly distract ourselves from imminent nuclear obliteration or superstorm destruction or some freaky combination of both. Why do you ask?)
At the same time, it was almost too much of a good thing. Mere days ago there were only a few of photos of them together—and those were all grainy, out of focus, or taken from a distance. Now there are pages on pages of high-quality ones, and gasp, they capture so many different emotions! There’s laughing. There’s pondering. There’s gazing at each other and off into the distance. There’s hand holding. There’s hand-folding. There’s whispering. And while it was easy to dissect the small amount of pictures before, now it’s nearly impossible for even the most dedicated of Meghan-Harry over-analyzers.

It’s a job for an expert: a body language expert, that is.
Vogue asked Patti Wood, the “Babe Ruth of body-language experts”, to decode Harry and Meghan’s facial expressions, positioning, posture, and hand-holding from their big debut. Are they in love? Or is the pressure of the public eye taking its toll? Wood weighs in, below.


Photo: Getty Images
“This is a connection moment—we are going to laugh together in the same moment. We are having this experience of joy and fun together. It’s a purely happy moment. Big, big grin, showing upper teeth, which men typically only do when they are super happy and joyful and laughing. It’s really great.”


Photo: Getty Images
“It’s a pre-touch. We see that smile again—she’s just gleeful with that smile! He’s smiling too. Even if they aren’t looking in the same direction, it’s a cool moment. See how his legs are spread out? He does that all the time when he’s confident and relaxed. He goes into the ‘alpha male’—legs spread out. That’s just guy behavior. It means he’s really relaxed, open, connected with the experience.”


Photo: Getty Images
“There’s a lot of shared intimacy there. He kind of kisses her head, she’s smiling, his left hand holding her, and then they are holding hands with the other hands. I just love double touches! This is a spontaneous double touch hold! It’s really, really good—with royalty, there’s not a lot of double touching. Maybe you’ll see it on a red carpet, but you won't necessarily see it spontaneously. It’s a great sign. He’s not pulling her, he’s just holding her. This is very, very nice and relaxed.”


Photo: Getty Images
“He’s on the bottom, holding her hand up. He wants to be connected, but he wants to take care of her. I love that! He is leading her—but I don’t like when men lead and hold downward. That’s like a child—you have your hands on top and you are pulling them. In this case you are cupping and holding, and that is much more care-taking.”


Photo: Getty Images
“I love it. She’s comfortable leaning forward. It’s a comfortable moment.”
Wood’s final prognosis: Meghan and Harry are in love—and, incredibly, incredibly happy together. “They are used to sharing intimate conversations and intimate moments. They are having fun together, and a lot of the little touches and facial expressions—this is not the first time. This is something that they do together. They have fun times together.”



Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

How Many Different Expressions Can The Human Face Give?

We communicate non verbally with every movement we make, every posture we hold and every expression we give with our eyes. Dr, Paul Ekman in his book "Emotions Revealed" says it's estimated that the human face can give up to 10,000 different expressions. Our eye language and other nonverbal cues because they are often not under our conscious control our eye language and other body language can reveal the most revealing information about our emotions, our confidence level and even at times whether or not we are telling the truth.

Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

Is There a Science to the Perfect Ugly-Cry Face?



Here is a piece I did for MTV.com on what indicates sincere crying, and why we cry when other people cry, even when we are watching an actor cry on screen!.

Crying is often cathartic. It's an emotional release triggered by a range of feelings — sadness, love, anger, and grief, to name a few. So when you're watching a scene from a television show or movie that makes you feel things, it's a totally normal response. So normal, in fact, that there's an entire MTV Movie & TV Awards category dedicated to things that make us cry.

But not all cries are created equal.

Why is it that when MTV Best Actor nominee Mandy Moore sheds a tear on This Is Us, audiences feel empathy, while Kim Kardashian's tears are meme-ified for the internet's entertainment? Even Claire Danes and her Emmy-winning cry faces have been the butt of internet jokes.



It's not that Danes is exaggerating her sobs for the camera; in fact, it's more likely that she is just extremely good at her job, specifically the crying part of it.
"She gets that sad face, and it kind of lingers and then it fades out, but it's very slow," body-language expert and speaker Patti Wood told MTV News. "That's one of the reasons we're affected by it so profoundly, because most of the time real crying doesn't disappear. True crying lingers and comes and goes in waves."

When we see someone cry onscreen, the mirror neurons in our brains fire, which elicits a very primal response from us — one that mimics what we're seeing. Isopraxism, or the pull to the same energy, is also in effect. "Isopraxism in nature explains why birds fly together and deer run together and why people applaud," Wood said. "That's another thing that's part of what's going on when people see and hear people crying on the screen."



Of course seeing someone cry doesn't always elicit the same response. As Dr. Meredith Grey on Grey's Anatomy, Tearjerker nominee Ellen Pompeo is one of television's most seasoned criers — and also one of the most effective. According to Ad Vingerhoets, the world's foremost expert on crying, how the person cries is an important determinant of how audiences will respond to a character's tears.

Wood says: "In sadness, the inner corners of the eyebrows go up, the eyelids droop, the corners of your mouth go down, and sometimes there's this weird change in the cheeks, like the cheek muscles go toward the nose. In agony, you're pulling your facial muscles in a lot toward the center and downward. That combination is exactly the opposite of what you might find attractive.

"Typically, the facial muscles are balanced and … lifted up, so the eyebrows go up all the way and the eyelids don't droop, they stand up straight; the corners of the mouth go up and the cheeks go up, so you get this upward balanced expression," she added. "In crying, specifically in agony, you get this mixture of up and down, but a lot of down."



To audiences, that downward movement might not be the most aesthetically pleasing. "To us, it might look ugly, and ugly is unpleasant," Wood said.

And when viewers feel unpleasant or uncomfortable, laughing is often a go-to stress response. "We're fighting against the emotion — in this case, sadness — to laugh," she explained.

The relationship the audience has with the crier is also important. For a public persona like Kardashian, some people might feel apathetic toward her emotions, and for an actress like Danes, it might be that her portrayal of pure, unfiltered agony is just too real for some audiences to feel any empathy. Hence her heavily memed facial contortions.


Link to actual article:  http://www.mtv.com/news/3009170/ugly-cry-face-science/


Patti Wood, MA - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

The "Not Face" What is the face that shows you don't want to do something.

So how often do you use a "Not Face?"
This is my year of saying "Yes!" So I think I also need to be aware of not giving a "Not Face."
The 'Not Face' is a universal part of language, study suggests: Computer analysis shows how this...
Researchers have identified a single, universal facial expression that is interpreted across many cultures as the embodiment of negative emotion. The look proved…
www.sciencedaily.com
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releas…/2016/…/160328084915.htm
Patti Wood, MA, Certified Speaking Professional - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

The "Not Face"

So how often do you use a "Not Face?"
This is my year of saying "Yes!" So I think I also need to be aware of not giving a "Not Face."
Researchers have identified a single, universal facial expression that is interpreted across many cultures as the embodiment of negative emotion. The look proved…
www.sciencedaily.com
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releas…/2016/…/160328084915.htm
Patti Wood, MA, Certified Speaking Professional - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com.
     

Read My Face

Read My Face

New software reads emotions from facial expressions to determine a commercial is working!  I have been following this facial expression recognition software creation in the neuroscience research for years wondering when we would start using it for deception detection and security and now it is being used to test advertising. Yes the future is here and it can read your face.

Here is an article on the research.

Subjects watch a video on a computer screen while the pinhole camera in the computer watches them back. Volunteers always know when they’re being recorded, which doesn’t materially affect the results. Engagement, boredom, amusement, displeasure and more are tracked and analyzed, with changing degrees of each displayed with real-time fever charts. (The venture-backed company is not yet profitable.)


+++ The New Tool for Marketers: Your Face
Jeffrey Kluger @jeffreykluger   March 19, 2015

Businesses are using facial analysis to see if their campaigns are working on you

If you’re trying to tell a lie or keep a secret, your face is not your friend. The human face may have been built for certain basic functions–eating, breathing, seeing–but the 43 separate muscles that keep it constantly moving mean it is constantly communicating too. Every eyebrow lift, forehead furrow, mouth twitch means something. That’s bad news if you’re bluffing, but it’s good for a growing small-business sector that uses facial analysis to figure out if an ad campaign or a TV pilot is landing with consumers.

Affectiva, a 30-person operation in Waltham, Mass., is the most visible of these companies. The six-year-old firm has amassed 1,400 clients, including Unilever, Kellogg’s and CBS. In the age of precise online and mobile metrics, most marketing chiefs are tiring of squishy focus-group and consumer-poll results; they want hard data. Rana el Kaliouby, Affectiva’s chief science officer and co-founder, wants to provide it to them.

A decade ago, el Kaliouby, who has a computer-science Ph.D. from Cambridge University with postdoctoral studies at MIT, began collecting video samples of faces with the goal of helping autistic children. “Autistic kids have a hard time reading faces,” she says, “so the plan was to design a system that tells them that the person they’re talking to is smiling, say, or looks confused, so maybe they want to explain themselves.”

In 2006, a grant from the National Science Foundation brought her to the MIT Media Lab to continue her work. Industry groups regularly visit the lab in the hope of discovering new technology, and el Kaliouby’s research intrigued them. “They asked, ‘Have you thought of applying it to Procter & Gamble or Fox testing a product or TV lineup?'” she recalls. In 2009 she and Rosalind Picard, her MIT professor, spun out Affectiva to do just that.

For a starting fee of $2,500–which climbs depending on whether a 30-second commercial or a one-hour pilot is being tested–Affectiva makes its software available to marketers. Subjects watch a video on a computer screen while the pinhole camera in the computer watches them back. Volunteers always know when they’re being recorded, which doesn’t materially affect the results. Engagement, boredom, amusement, displeasure and more are tracked and analyzed, with changing degrees of each displayed with real-time fever charts. (The venture-backed company is not yet profitable.)

The database Affectiva uses to conduct those analyses is made up of more than 2.5 million facial video samples, each of which runs for 45 seconds at a rate of 14 frames per second. “We have 7 billion emotional data points [to use for comparison],” says el Kaliouby. The software corrects for variables including gender, culture and age, all of which can be important. “Women tend to smile more than men,” El Kaliouby says, “and they smile longer too. Older people tend to be more expressive than younger people.” Europeans and Americans give away more than Asians do, she adds.

This method of data collection has proved popular. Startup nViso, in Switzerland, employs similar technology as Affectiva. And Emotient, based in San Diego, collects its data “in the wild,” as CEO Ken Denman puts it, by using software to study groups of people–shoppers in malls or crowds in arenas–to see how they’re reacting to what they’re seeing.

Market testing is only the lowest-hanging fruit. El Kaliouby envisions diversifying into political polling and analysis, as well as helping teachers of online courses assess student engagement. Autism and other cognitive and psychological conditions remain on her radar.

There are some potential growth areas that are more controversial: law enforcement, lie detection and airport security, for example. For both Emotient and Affectiva they’re no-go zones. “When we first started,” says el Kaliouby, “we articulated our values for the company and determined that subjects would always have to opt in, so for that reason we don’t want to be in security.” That, of course, leaves that space open to new competitors.

This appears in the March 30, 2015 issue of TIME.



Patti Wood, MA, Certified Speaking Professional - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com. Also check out Patti's YouTube channel at http://youtube.com/user/bodylanguageexpert.

Why 'I'm So Happy I Could Cry Makes Sense


Why We Cry When We are Happy and May smile When We Are Very Sad.

As a family we often watch an emotional TV recording of my brother-in-law coming home from the Gulf War. As he gets off the plane, my sister and the children are running towards him crying, not looking happy at all. Have you ever seen someone cry when they are happy or have a smile on their face when they are sad?  New research shows people use “negative” emotion to stabilize their feeling. The research study is below. I am fascinated by this nonverbal behavior. I love to see happy crying. It is such a sincere, amazing behavior to witness. On the other hand, I find it deeply disturbing when I analyze interrogation videos or courtroom footage of suspected murders for the media and I see them give what I call a “cover smile” when they relay some of the most hideous aspects of the crime. In this case the suspect is trying to regulate the emotions of guilt by smiling to look innocent and it feels disturbing to us to watch. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/11/141111124047.htm
November 11, 2014
Yale University
The phrase 'tears of joy' never made much sense to one American psychologist. But after conducting a series of studies of such seemingly incongruous expressions, she now understands better why people cry when they are happy.
he phrase "tears of joy" never made much sense to Yale psychologist Oriana Aragon. But after conducting a series of studies of such seemingly incongruous expressions, she now understands better why people cry when they are happy.
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"People may be restoring emotional equilibrium with these expressions," said Aragon, lead author of work to be published in the journal Psychological Science. "They seem to take place when people are overwhelmed with strong positive emotions, and people who do this seem to recover better from those strong emotions."
There are many examples of responding to a positive experience with a negative emotion. A crying spouse is reunited with a soldier returning from war. Teen girls scream at a Justin Bieber concert and so do soccer players as they score a winning goal. The baseball player who hits a winning home run is pounded at home plate by teammates. And when introduced to babies "too cute for words," some can't resist pinching their cheeks.
"I was surprised no one ever asked why that is," she said.
Aragon and her colleagues at Yale ran subjects through some of these scenarios and measured their responses to cute babies or happy reunions. They found that individuals who express negative reactions to positive news were able to moderate intense emotions more quickly. They also found people who are most likely to cry at their child's graduation are most likely to want to pinch a cute baby's cheeks.
There is also some evidence that strong negative feelings may provoke positive expressions; for example nervous laughter appears when people are confronted with a difficult or frightening situations, and smiles have been found by other psychologists to occur during extreme sadness.
These new discoveries begin to explain common things that many people do but don't even understand themselves, Aragon said.
"These insights advance our understanding of how people express and control their emotions, which is importantly related to mental and physical health, the quality of relationships with others, and even how well people work together," she said.


Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Yale University. The original article was written by Bill Hathaway. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.


Journal Reference:
1.     E. J. Boothby, M. S. Clark, J. A. Bargh. Shared Experiences Are Amplified. Psychological Science, 2014; DOI: 10.1177/0956797614551162


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Yale University. "Why 'I'm so happy I could cry' makes sense." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 11 November 2014.


Patti Wood, MA, Certified Speaking Professional - The Body Language Expert. For more body language insights go to her website at www.PattiWood.net. Check out Patti's website for her new book "SNAP, Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language and Charisma" at www.snapfirstimpressions.com. Also check out Patti's YouTube channel at http://youtube.com/user/bodylanguageexpert.